Issue link: http://resourceworld.uberflip.com/i/119004
A schematic cross section of a Volcanic Massive Sulphide deposit; a leading source for copper, zinc, lead, gold and silver. The illustration exhibits a massive sulphide lens underlain by a stockwork system and associated alteration halo (Hannington et al., 1998). IRON OXIDE COPPER GOLD DEPOSITS (IOCG) MAGMATIC DEPOSITS OF NI-CU AND PGE High tonnage, low to moderate grade Significance: Contains a significant resource of copper and gold as well as uranium, silver, REEs, Bismuth, Barium, phosphorus and cobalt. Examples: Olympic Dam, Australia; Phalaborwa, South Africa Hosted: Wide range or rock types Mineralization: Iron-oxide minerals (magnetite and hematite), base metals and precious, uraninite Structures and shape: Breccia zones, tabular bodies, veins, stockworks, pipes Mining method: Surface or underground methods depending on the size, shape, location and grade Drill intersection: Tens to hundreds of metres with grades listed below; because of the polymetallic nature the Cu and Au grades should be evaluated in combination with additional commodities Tonnes (Mt): +100.0 Grades: Cu%: 0.5-1.5 Au (g/t):0.2-1.0 U%: 0.4 (Olympic Dam) Large tonnage, High grade Significance: Majority of the world's nickel, and practically all the world's PGEs Examples: Voisey's Bay, Labrador; Bushveld, South Africa., Hosted: Mafic to ultramafic and volcanic flows Mineralization: Sulphides and some oxide minerals (chromite) Structures and shape: Narrow layers (reefs), laterally extensive of mineralization Mining method: Underground Drill intersection: Ni-Cu: metres to tens of metres of sulphides; combined grades >1-2%. PGEs: 0.5-2.0 metres with grades >3 g/t PGE+Au Tonnes (Mt): At least 1.0-50.0 in magmatic Ni-Cu deposits and 20.0200.0 for PGE deposits Grades: Magmatic Ni-Cu type Ni%: 0.5-3.0 Cu%:0.2-1.0 PGE±Au (g/t): 1.0 combined PGE type: PGE±Au (g/t): 4.0-10.0 DIAMOND DEPOSITS UNCONFORMITY & SANDSTONE-HOSTED URANIUM DEPOSITS Moderate to high-value, moderate tonnage Significance: Some of the highest value mineral deposits globally Examples: Diavik, Northwest Territories; Murowa, Zimbabwe Hosted: Kimberlites, lamprolites Mineralization: Diamonds with indicator minerals including garnet and olivine Structures and shape: Pipe-shaped to tabular deposits Mining method: Surface and underground mining Drill intersection: Tens to several hundreds of metres in length Tonnes (Mt): 1.0- 30.0 Grades: 0.3-4.0 carat/tonne (ore value $20-$500 US $/tonne) 50 www.resourceworld.com Low to moderate grade Significance: Energy source for nuclear power plants Examples: Cigar Lake, Saskatchewan; Crow Butte, Nebraska Hosted: Sedimentary rocks; Sandstones Mineralization: Uraninite, pitchblende Structures and shape: Lenticular, pipe and channel-shaped Mining method: Conventional surface or underground mining methods Drill intersection: Metres to tens of metres in length with grades of at least 0.05% U and preferably 0.1% U or higher Tonnes (Mt): <1.0-30.0 (over 100 in low grade deposits) Grades: 0.05-3.0% U APRIL 2013